Rotation for fallow has subsidized farmers' income does not decrease

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Recently, the Information Office of the Ministry of Agriculture held a press conference on the “Progress in the Pilot Farming System for Farmland Rotation”. Zeng Yande, Director of the Plantation Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, introduced the progress of the pilot project of arable land rotation and fallow. The pilot area of ​​the national rotation crop fallow this year reached 12 million mu, an increase of 5.84 million mu from last year, involving 9 provinces (regions) including Heilongjiang, Hebei and Hunan. 192 counties and cities.

There is subsidy for the rotation of the fallow farmer. The income of the farmer is not reduced.

For the "cultivation of land for fallow", the mood of the peasants is mixed. The happy land is finally able to rest. It is expected that after the rest, the increase of soil fertility will make the grain more productive. The worry is that if there is no land, it means no source of income. Will farming land rotation fallow affect income? In response to these problems, the Ministry of Agriculture responded at the meeting.

Income: Grant funds will be distributed to ensure that their income does not decrease.

Zeng Yande, Director of the Plantation Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said at the meeting that in order for farmers to be willing to carry out cropping, they must ensure that their income does not decrease. This year, the central government allocated 2.56 billion yuan to support the pilot of the arable land rotation system. In June, the subsidy funds were allocated to the province, and most provinces have already allocated funds to the county. Zeng Yande said: In the next step, according to the agreement signed with the farmers, the subsidy funds will be quickly cashed to the households, and the farmers will be given a "reassuring".

Zeng Yande: In the rotation, the subsidy is 150 yuan per mu. In the case of fallow, it is said that in the underground ground funnel area of ​​Hebei Province, in the severely degraded area of ​​southwestern northwestern China, the subsidy for each season is 500 yuan per mu, and the subsidy per mu in the two seasons of heavy metal pollution in Hunan 800 yuan. Slightly higher than the cost of land transfer. This standard is basically the same as the original planting income, and farmers still accept it.

This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance also considered innovative subsidies. Allowing the localities to establish the evaluation criteria and system for the effect of the rotation of the farmer on the basis of the pilot target and the actual work, with the evaluation of the results as an important basis, and the implementation of basic and pragmatic subsidies. system.

Way: technical mode combined with local characteristics, each with different

This year is the second year of piloting the arable land rotation system. Zeng Yande said that in the past two years, the pilot implementation of the arable land rotation system has made useful explorations in terms of organizational methods and technical models, and has made positive progress.

First, explore the establishment of an effective working mechanism . For example, Heilongjiang Province concentrated the rotation tasks in the scale planting areas of the third, fourth and fifth temperate zones to guide the supervision; Inner Mongolia Arong Banner concentrated the 300,000-mu rotation task on 18 new business entities and signed with grain processing enterprises. A 200,000-mu rotation of the sorghum order was planted.

Secondly, explore the integration of the rotation mode of fallow technology.

In the rotation area, the combination of “one master” and “multi-auxiliary” is implemented. "One master" is the corn and soybean wheel as the main, play the role of soybean root nodule nitrogen fixation. “Multi-auxiliary” means crop rotation of corn and potato, miscellaneous grains, oil crops, vegetables and forage.

In the fallow area, both protection and governance are implemented. The underground groundwater funnel area in Hebei implements “one season rainfed, one season fallow”, and green fertilizer is planted in the fallow season to prevent surface exposure. The heavy metal pollution area in Hunan vigorously carried out the fallow management of fallow cultivation, fallow cultivation, treatment, and fertilization simultaneously, and formed the fallow mode of “remediation, rehabilitation, and integration”.

Third, the policy system for the rotation of fallow has been further improved.

In the rotation, focus on comparative efficiency. From the current yield level and planting efficiency, the corn-soybean rotation in the rotation mode can be measured according to the balance of benefits of 1..3. Other rotation modes can be adjusted dynamically according to the previous year's income and combined with market changes.

In fallow, focus on income security. In the current fallow pilot, the standard of subsidies is based on the premise that income is not reduced. In general, the fallow cultivation in a mature area and the fallow cultivation in the two maturing areas will subsidize about 500 yuan per mu; the annual fallow in the two mature areas will cost about 800 yuan per mu, which is slightly higher than the land transfer cost.

Results: Inventory pressure is alleviated and the ecological environment is improved

The pilot of the fallow crop rotation in the previous period has achieved positive results. Through the implementation of grain and bean rotation, crushing in the fallow area, and heavy metal pollution repair and treatment, the adjustment of planting structure was promoted. In 2016, the national grain corn area was reduced by more than 30 million mu, and soybeans increased by more than 10 million mu. It is estimated that the corn area will be reduced by more than 20 million mu in 2017, which will ease the pressure on corn stocks.

For the pilot areas, what is more important is the improvement of the ecological environment and the utilization of resources. Planting green manure and other crops in the fallow season plays an active role in wind and sand fixation, water conservation and protection of farming layers. The pilot experiment of wheat fallow in the underground funnel area of ​​Hebei Province reduced the average water consumption by 180 cubic meters per mu and reduced the groundwater exploitation by 320 million cubic meters. Jilin Province implements corn and soybean rotation in the cold and cold area of ​​the east, 30% of fertilizer per mu and 50% of medicine. In the drought-prone area of ​​western China, corn grain crop rotation is implemented, saving about 1/3 of water per mu.

Innovation: Remote Sensing Monitoring of Rotating Areas in Rotation

Zeng Yande, Director of the Plantation Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that in order to promote remote sensing monitoring, all the plots that carry out the rotation of fallow should be implemented on the upper map. Including the change in the area of ​​the fallow crop, where is the turn, where to take it, how many rounds, how much to rest, at a glance. At the same time, to promote the digitalization of effectiveness supervision, the goal of arable land rotation for fallow is to improve the quality of cultivated land. It is necessary to monitor the quality of cultivated land through long-term fixed-point monitoring through scientific arrangement of monitoring outlets.

Zeng Yande: It is necessary to use satellite remote sensing images to make use of the spectral differences of different crops to carry out crop planting verification and area statistical analysis. For example, in the fallow area of ​​the underground funnel area of ​​Hebei Province, remote sensing monitoring was carried out in wheat fallowing for 3-4 months. The heavy metal pollution area in Hunan is a two-season fallow area, which is monitored by remote sensing during the May-June of early rice fallow and the July-August fall of late rice.