Liu Shengping, chairman of the China Lighting Association, said: China's lighting products occupy an important position in the global market. It is a major producer, sales and exporter of global lighting products, and its products are exported to 218 countries and regions around the world. In the global market, energy-saving lamps account for about 80, Christmas lights account for about 80, incandescent lamps account for about 1/3, and other types of lamps account for about 1/3. This shows that LED lighting products have obvious advantages.
From the summary of Liu Shengping's overview, we can clearly see the overall situation of China's lighting industry. However, we do not have to be too happy to achieve this status. As we all know, the rapid development of China's lighting industry depends on low-cost and abundant labor resources. When the labor-intensive lighting industry encounters the disappearing demographic dividend, where will the industry go?
Recently, Li Pei-lin, deputy dean of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, revealed that the turning point of China's demographic dividend is expected to arrive in advance in 2015. He pointed out that with the advent of this turning point, problems such as difficulty in recruiting workers and difficulties in raising old people in China will become more prominent. The disappearance of the demographic dividend will lead to a negative situation that hinders economic growth, such as labor shortage, rising labor compensation, and increased social burden.
The rapid development of the lighting industry benefits from a sufficient labor force. China's sustained and rapid economic growth in recent decades has been widely concerned by countries around the world, and one of the important reasons behind it is the abundant cheap labor resources that other countries do not have. The demographic dividend is therefore linked to the prospect of sustained economic growth in our country.
What is the demographic dividend? It refers to the rapid decline of fertility rate in a period of time, the relative burden of child and old-age care is relatively light, and the proportion of the working-age population in the total population rises, so that before the proportion of the elderly population reaches a high level, a labor resource is relatively abundant. A golden period that is very beneficial to economic development. The image says that there are many people who work. Working hard, naturally making more money.
As an integral part of the national economy, the lighting industry naturally benefits from the labor resources. The industry characteristics of the lighting industry, the exact product characteristics determine that it must rely on a large number of labor development. Xiao Nan, deputy general manager of Zhongshan Jinling Lighting Co., Ltd. said that modern machinery and equipment can be used in the upstream. In the downstream application market, there are basically only people, and only some links can rely on machines.
According to relevant information, in fact, China’s demographic dividend began to appear between 1965 and 1970. However, for a long time after the demographic dividend appeared, we did not seem to find its effect on the economy. On the contrary, it felt more. Population pressure and employment pressure, a large number of rural surplus labor and urban unemployment seriously plagued economic growth. At that time, the employer took the dominant position. Now, the essential changes in the times have taken the initiative to transfer to the workers. This also means that the demographic dividend is gradually disappearing. Although the demographic dividend will disappear in what year, an obvious consensus is that China's cheap labor is no longer the source of imagination.
The lighting industry bids farewell to the low-cost advantage. Although the new generation of workers will not use wages as the only factor in choosing a job, wages still occupy the most important position. Judging from the current salary given by the lighting and lighting enterprises in Gudu, the general wage is about 2000-3500 yuan per month, and the wages of technicians are about 3500-6000 yuan per month. It is difficult to have room for improvement. Xiao Nan believes that the current wages have reached the limit. The profits of lighting companies are getting lower and lower, and it is difficult to support rising wages.
Wang Junhua, deputy general manager of Guangdong Juko Lighting Co., Ltd., also expressed similar views. He believes that lighting and lighting companies should not use separate pay cards to recruit. This is not a long-term solution for enterprises. After all, as a traditional manufacturing industry, there is no industry. Which company can easily pay for rising employee salaries.
In fact, reporters have also found that many companies are paying a lot of money to recruit employees. For example, the reporter saw that the salary of the sales manager of Guzhen Nanpai Lighting Appliance Factory was 3,000 yuan 10,000 yuan per month, and the driving engineer was 5,000 yuan 10,000 yuan/month. The Pulidi lighting that focuses on e-commerce is in recruitment. The salary given by the photographer is 6,000 yuan and 10,000 yuan.
However, in the efforts to improve the salary of employees, lighting companies have apparently been a little powerless.
For the traditional manufacturing lighting industry, in the global industrial chain, China's lighting companies still occupy the lowest margin of profit, especially the LED lighting industry. For lighting companies, the meager profits of the future are difficult to support rising wages. Saying goodbye to low-cost competitive advantage to the lighting industry will be a long-term and painful process.
The difficulty of recruiting workers and forcing enterprises to transform and upgrade is not only the competition between enterprises, but also the competition between industry and industry. As the demographic dividends gradually drift away, in the face of competition in other advantageous industries, where will China's lighting industry go? In the face of the staged changes in China's economic and social development, what has long been the way to promote the development of the lighting industry through cheap labor?
Nowadays, China's population structure is gradually changing, and the era of cheap labor will continue to pass, which is also a reason for the difficulty of recruiting workers. On the one hand, it is at the low end of the value chain, and the salary increase is hopeless; on the other hand, it is the reality of the reduction of labor supply and the rigid demand for labor increase. Difficulties in recruiting workers are actually a necessity.
It is in this dual background lighting industry, if the company has been at the low end of the manufacturing industry, even if the recruitment problem is eased in a short time, it is difficult to get rid of the difficulties of recruiting in the future. Transformation and upgrading is the long-term solution to get rid of the difficulty of recruiting enterprises. Recruitment is difficult to force lighting companies to accelerate transformation.
In fact, the shortage of labor force forced the transformation and upgrading of enterprises has been widely recognized as a positive signal. Difficulties in recruiting workers are essentially a labor-management game. Either a company raises wages or employs no employees. Forward-looking entrepreneurs will try to change production methods, increase product added value, and digest labor wages through the benefits of transformation and upgrading. After rising costs.
Zhang Chewei, deputy director of the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that for enterprises, the difficulty of recruiting workers also forced their own transformation and upgrading. By continuously increasing investment in technological transformation, introducing and using production equipment with high technology content and high degree of automation, it will develop into technology-intensive, capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive industries, thereby reducing the demand for labor services and alleviating the pressure of employment.
Xinchangxing, deputy director of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said earlier that the industrial transformation and upgrading will bring a large number of new jobs, but the transformation of the labor force from the low-end industry to the high-end industry is not natural, so it improves the employability of workers and Skill level is the key to stable employment. Enterprises should turn the past dividends from simple labor into improving the labor efficiency by improving the quality of workers.
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