The heap leaching field needs to set various structures with different functions and different volumes to ensure the smooth operation of the heap leaching operation. These structures mainly include three types: rich liquid pool, tail liquid pool and regulating pool. In addition, some of the intermediate structure for recovering metals.
1. The function of the rich liquid pool is mainly to receive and store the rich liquid from the heap leaching field, and also as the liquid supply pump pool of the recycling process. Its volume depends on the spray strength, the yard area and the ability to recycle equipment. It is generally believed that the volume of the flooded pond must be sufficient to meet the rich liquid flow out of the heap leaching field for 4 hours, and to maintain the treatment capacity of the recovery equipment for 2 hours.
The location of the flooded tank should be close to the yard, between the yard and the recovery equipment. The elevation of the inlet should be 0.1 to 0.5 m below the exit of the yard. The pool is divided into more than two compartments. The first compartment should have a mud discharge device, the depth of the pool is lower than the second compartment, so that the leachate is clarified, and the sludge and scale body are minimized to enter the recycling process to ensure the normal operation of the recycling process.
Second, the tail liquid pool has many functions, one is to receive the tail liquid discharged from the recycling equipment; the other is to receive the lean leachate discharged from the heap leaching; since many heap immersion fields do not specifically set the immersion liquid preparation pool and the spray pump pool So its third function is as a dosing tank and a spray pump pool. The volume of the tailing tank should take into account that while receiving the tailings from the recovery equipment, it may also accept the leachate discharged from the heap leach. Therefore, the volume of the tail liquid pool is usually more than 1.5 times the volume of the rich liquid pool. The location of the tailing tank should also be as close as possible to the yard, preferably between the yard and the recycling facility.
Because the tail liquid pool has the function of the immersion liquid preparation and the spray pump pool, it is often necessary to add reagents to the pool to adjust the concentration and pH of the solution, so the tail liquid pool is generally divided into two or more compartments. In order to rotate. In addition, the tail liquid pool should be equipped with auxiliary facilities for feeding, dissolving and stirring evenly, as well as protective means, especially for the preparation and dissolution of highly toxic substances such as sodium cyanide, and more attention should be paid to safety protection and first aid measures.
Third, the regulation pool Its function is mainly to store a large number of acidic or alkaline solutions containing low concentration metals flowing out of the yard during heavy rain. At the same time, it is also used as a storage tank for production water in the dry season (especially in desert and arid regions). In some countries, the volume of the conditioning tank for a heap leaching field using highly toxic leaching agents (such as sodium cyanide) must take into account the maximum rainfall in a hundred years. Therefore, the volume of the adjustment tank should be as large as possible, and should not be taken lightly. On the other hand, it is necessary to reduce the catchment area outside the yard and prevent rainwater from entering the leachate system outside the yard. The volume of the regulating tank is generally more than three times larger than the tail tank, and its position should be larger and the area should be selected. It is advisable not to leak low leeches, of course not too far from the yard.
The rich liquid pool and the tail liquid pool should be treated according to the nature of the immersion liquid, and the regulating tank generally does not require corrosion protection. Anti-leakage is a common requirement of the three.
The flood ditches must be excavated around the heap leaching field consisting of ore piles, rich liquid pools, tail liquid pools, etc. Most of the ore piles are surrounded by 0.5 to 1.0 m high dikes. At present, large heap leaching fields are generally multi-stacked series sprays, and the piles are also separated by 0.3 to 0.5 m levees.
In addition to the structures and pipe networks and nozzles described above, the facilities and equipment used in the leaching stage are mainly spray pumps. In general, the pump in the heap leaching should be a submerged pump or a submersible pump, or a centrifugal pump that always maintains self-priming capability. Because the spray is not a continuous operation, the number of starts is frequent, and the pump that can be started by irrigation can not be sprayed.
The general pumping requirements of the pump for spraying are not high, and 20 to 30 m can meet the requirements. The flow rate is determined by the area of ​​the yard and the spray intensity. Generally, one pump is used for one yard, and it is not suitable to spray several yards at the same time to avoid uneven spraying.
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