At present, the total annual MSW production in China has reached 180 million tons, and it is still growing, with an annual growth rate of 8% to 10%. With the continuous expansion of the scale of urban construction and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, on the one hand, the composition of municipal solid waste has undergone great changes. The main features of the changes are: the density of refuse has been continuously reduced, and the compressibility has increased. If you continue to use conventional waste transportation methods, you will easily lose money in the removal and transportation of waste, and reduce the efficiency of waste transfer. On the other hand, there are fewer and fewer land available for garbage disposal in the suburbs, and people have to consider staying away from the city. In the suburbs of the district, waste disposal sites are established. According to statistics, the garbage disposal plants in several large cities in China are more than 50km away from the urban areas, and the transportation costs account for a high proportion of waste disposal costs. Transport costs in some developed countries already account for more than 80% of waste disposal costs. Therefore, reducing the cost of clean freight is the key to reducing the cost of waste disposal and disposal in the entire city. Garbage compression can solve the problem of losing traffic in the transportation of garbage and reduce the transportation cost of garbage. It is the development direction of urban garbage collection and transportation. Therefore, the advantages of compressed garbage trucks have become increasingly evident, and efficient garbage compression and transportation methods have made considerable progress.
The rear compression type garbage truck is one of the common structural forms. It is composed of a car chassis, a filler, an upper loading body and a discharge plate mechanism. Its direction of development is: to increase the loading of garbage; to improve the tightness of vehicles; to classify garbage. The finer the classification of garbage, the better the environmental protection effect. At present, urban garbage can be mainly divided into four categories:
a. Wet rubbish: Mainly refers to kitchen waste, food peels and other food wastes with high moisture content.
b. Dry garbage (recyclable waste): Mainly refers to waste paper, waste plastics, scrap metal, waste glass, etc. that can be used for direct recycling or recycled and recycled with lower moisture content.
c. Hazardous waste: Waste that poses a real or potential hazard to human health or the environment. It also includes heavy metals or toxic substances that are harmful to human health.
d. Large-size refuse: refers to large-scale, durable solid wastes such as waste furniture, office appliances, used electrical appliances, packaging boxes, and baskets that weigh more than 5 kilograms or more than 0.2 cubic meters in volume and more than 1 meter in length. Factors such as bulkiness are mixed into the city's general household waste to remove special domestic waste that is difficult to transport.
How to classify wastes is an urgent problem to be solved in the current waste transportation, which is of great significance for the protection of the environment.
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