With the continuous development of permanent magnet materials and power electronic devices, the application of permanent magnet technology is becoming more and more extensive. It can be used on buses, trains and even military land vehicles. Naval ships will soon be equipped with permanent magnet propulsion motors. Regarding the technical aspects of permanent magnet generators, only the possibility of permanent magnet generators being equipped on submarines is discussed.
2 The principle of permanent magnet motor The permanent magnet technology is a technology that replaces the excitation device with a permanent magnet. Permanent magnet. The laminated core with copper windings in the motor has no carbon brushes and slip rings, thus fundamentally eliminating the drawback of a large loss of energy. 1 simply shows the difference between synchronous generator and permanent magnet generator. The stator of the permanent magnet generator is basically the same as that of the synchronous generator, but the rotor contains a support for mounting permanent magnets. These permanent magnets replace the excitation. The laminated core of the winding can realize the optimal design of the stator by using the permanent magnet technology, and can also realize the optimal design of the rotor to meet different requirements, such as the rotor can be made into a disk shape, a bell shape or be set in the winding. On the outside, 2 shows the permanent magnet power generation port 00 installed on the special purpose military research test ship.
3 The short history of submarine generators In the century, in the late 1980s, the submarine used DC generators directly. These generators are simple, durable and durable. The disadvantages are large volume, heavy weight, slow control response and constant wear of the carbon brush. It is easy to generate dust until the 1970s. The bridge uses a bridge rectifier and a self-excited synchronous synchronous generator with air or sea water for closed cooling. Generator motors, these synchronous generators are now cooled by direct seawater cooling. The following compares the generator used above with the permanent magnet generator. With the continuous improvement of the performance of the high magnetic permeability magnet, the technical development of the permanent magnet generator has been further improved. Electronic systems that control the output power of permanent magnet generators have also been promoted and applied in the past ten to ten years.
We are looking for new technical purposes not to install new undeniable. Although the conventional synchronous generator is strong and reliable, it has great defects and relatively large weight; the relative volume is relatively large; the control response is slow; the short-circuit current is large.
Comparing bits 06 and 212, it can be seen that a large amount of power and automatic drive circuits are added to 212, and a large amount of data can be comprehensively monitored and controlled for exchange and application in the submarine engineering control center. The use of new communication devices such as standard interfaces and bus systems that connect auxiliary drive lines and other equipment is not only convenient, but also ensures the safety of control and monitoring. Of course, if you use the conventional standard components, you can save a lot of money, but you need to connect the lines frequently or install complex interface adapters. The result is a very expensive price to adapt to these interfaces.
The components of the permanent magnet generator are controlled by a microprocessor and are equipped with a communication link.
4 The use of permanent magnet technology and the new power grid has opened up new avenues in the field of submarine propulsion, and it is even more important that large and bulky lead-acid batteries lose their speed of navigation. Fuel cells are beginning to replace past propulsion batteries. The use of fuel cells in new submarines provides a stable voltage for submarines. Since the electronic power supply can only provide a very low short-circuit current, only a few amps higher than the rated current, the commonly used current protection device is no longer suitable. If there is a time-level current discriminator, only a new power device protection is designed. System, use it to quickly find the short circuit location and troubleshoot.
Short-circuit measurements can be made with a switchgear or with a transformer on a special instrument. Processing these values ​​with a microprocessor quickly calculates the location of the short circuit and provides an option to restore the system's usability in the shortest amount of time.
Permanent magnet technology uses concentrated cooling to cool the windings so that much energy is not radiated away in the form of heat. Since the weight of the permanent magnet generator is very light, the weight of the entire diesel generator set is also reduced. Permanent magnet generators can also meet the noise requirements of conventional generators.
The modular concept of permanent magnet technology can be equipped with a variety of types of generators with different output power but the same characteristics. Different modules can be assembled depending on the power requirements. For example, on a military research pilot ship, 5501.
The series of permanent magnet motors of 120 and 170 can be used both as a generator and as an electric motor.
The generator can be divided into two independently operating sections.
The windings and electronics are grouped into groups, each of which forms a phase loop. When the casing subsystem fails, the generator maintains operation by reducing power. Therefore, the reliability of the permanent magnet generator is very high. The fly in the ointment is that the space saved by the generator is partially occupied by the power cabinet. This cabinet can be placed anywhere on the ship. In the new design, the electronic device occupies space saved by the power switch on the main switch board. Future developments will improve the energy density of high-performance electronic devices and reduce the footprint of electronic equipment cabinets.
5 Drive on the military research experimental ship 5 Jia 01 technology This ship was built at the end of 1999 at the 3,01 general 6 shipyard and is expected to be completed in mid-2002. The standard is similar to the submarine. The noise indicator can also meet the requirements of the submarine.
All permanent magnet drives are designed and manufactured from 阽,6. 4 Power the propulsion system to a propulsion bus. In the early stage of the design, two generators work independently, and the power supply to the busbar is supplied to the busbar. In order to ensure high reliability and high monitoring, two independent generators are operated in parallel and simultaneously supplied to the same bus.
The stator windings of the generator are made into an insert and the rotor is formed in a bell shape. This design makes it easy to replace the stator winding without removing the rotor from the casing. The generator is mounted in a compact, acoustically sealed enclosure that greatly reduces the impact of the pedestal. This special small waterplane double volume ship is the most beneficial permanent magnet technology to reduce the weight by 4 tons when transmitting the same power, and to reduce the weight and volume of the generator in the ship. This comparison is not very accurate, because they not only have different characteristics, but also the electronic equipment of the permanent magnet generator on the experimental ship does not need space optimization, so too many parts can be installed at any suitable position on the ship, and the disassembly can be adopted. The way to go to the power switch makes room. Positive 5, the space occupied by the permanent magnet generator is slightly larger. However, the weight advantage of the medium permanent magnet generator is obvious. 6 The comparison between the traditional technology and the permanent magnet technology is expected to be equipped with a permanent magnet propulsion motor. The flexibility and compactness of permanent magnet motors proves that they are suitable for future drive systems. Permanent magnet motors are more expensive than conventional motors, but with the development of science and technology, their prices will decrease. The compact permanent magnet drive can also replace the hydraulic drive because it is both efficient and easy to control. Due to the compactness and high redundancy of permanent magnet motors, it will be more and more widely used in the design of future submarines.
Wu Haiying, Mei Duanjing compiled from 3, with 99 connected to page 37. 5 Conclusion Single-phase bridge rectifier improved filter circuit is more capacitor, the filter circuit has a significantly increased conduction angle 20 per arm, and each harmonic is obtained. The fixed suppression, the harmonic distortion rate of the input current waveform is reduced, so that the input power factor of the circuit is greatly improved.
Reference female Zhang Zhansong, Cai Xuan. The principle and design of the switching power supply. Electronic Industry Press, 1998.
Xie Zhangui. Power factor analysis of single-phase bridge rectifier capacitor filtering load. Power Technology Applications, 20006.
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