The preliminary evaluation results of “2014 National Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries†were announced recently. 25 archaeological discoveries in 18 provinces, districts, and cities were included. The province ranked first on the list with 4 entries, among which Zhengzhou Dongzhao Site was the only project in our city. In addition, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage has also recently reported on the progress of the first national census of movable cultural relics. The province's collection ranks at the top of the nation... These have once again confirmed the status of our province’s cultural relics province. Then, what are the projects of this year's finalists in the “2014 Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China?†What is the result of the first national survey of movable cultural relics in our province? The reporter has conducted relevant interviews in recent days.
Another Major Achievement of the Archaeological Site of Xia, Shang, and Zhou in Dongzhao Site
According to the results of the third national survey of cultural relics, there are 65,519 immovable cultural relics in the province, which ranks among the top in the country. Our province was shortlisted for the “2014 Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China†with four archaeological projects, namely the Zhengzhou Dongzhao Site, the Luoyang Canal No.1, the No. 2 ancient shipwreck excavation and the Han and Tangshan transport water surveys, and the Henan Yudaihui Locang and Liyangcang grain storage sites, Henan Fuyang Qicheng Longshan era site. These sites are rich in types, including architectural sites, large national granaries, sunken ships and water surveys.
Zhengzhou Dongzhao Site is located in the north of Dongzhao Village, Zhaoxiang Village, Gaoxin District, and northwest of Donggang Village, Xushui Town, Zhongyuan District, and is located in the core area of ​​Xia and Shang culture. From October 2012 to December 2014, the Archaeology and Art School of Peking University and the Zhengzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology jointly conducted continuous archaeological excavation and exploration of the Dongzhao site. After nearly three years of archeological work, the Dongzhao site has made a series of major discoveries.
“The Dongzhao site has found three large, medium, and small city sites and excavated a rich cultural heritage.†Gu Wanfa, director of the Zhengzhou Archaeological Research Institute, said that the Dongzhao site contains many times from Longshan to Eastern Zhou, and has a long time series. Relatively complete, no matter whether it is the Xia-Sheng period chronology or the regional settlement in the northwest of Zhengzhou, it can provide new materials and perspectives. In addition, the small town of Dongzhao site is the first confirmed Xinzhai period city site to be discovered north of Shaoshan in Zhengzhou area. The discovery of such remains will greatly help solve the problem of the cultural features, nature, and attribution of Xinzhai period.
Gu Wanfa also introduced that the Dongzhao site is one of the few cities in the Erlitou period and has a rich connotation, such as a concentrated circular cave-like remains, sacrificing pits where the bones are unearthed, and ground-stone remnants in the base rock. Such phenomenon was not found in other sites during the same period; multiple rims during the Erlitou period were found in the site, which could provide new research topics and materials for the study of the early stage settlement and planning of the Erlitou period. Taken together, the Midtown of the Dongzhao site should be an important location during the Erlitou period in Zhengzhou. “At present, we infer that the Dongzhao site is an important settlement in the west of the Zhengzhou shopping mall in the early Shang dynasty.†Gu Wanfa said that the ruins of the Shang Dynasty’s early large-scale buildings and cultural relics during the period of the Zhou Dynasty were excavated. The study of the cultural development of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Zhengzhou area and the discussion of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the State of governance in the Western Zhou Dynasty provided new materials.
Each of the other finalists has unique historical and cultural values
The other three projects that were shortlisted for this “National Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries†also have unique historical and cultural values.
The Sui Dynasty Liyangcang site is located in Dongguan Village, Chengguan Town, Song County, Henan Province, north of Dagu Mountain and adjacent to the old course of the Yellow River in the east. The excavation area has been completed at 3,000 square meters, excavation and cleaning of three Sui Dynasty warehouses, and the discovery of 84 grain warehouses. The Suidai Huilucang Site is located in Xiaoli Village, Qihe Township, Luohe City, and West of Mapo Village. In the area of ​​about 80,000 square meters of archeological drilling, the number of confirmed silos has reached 220. The excavation cleared 4 full silos, 2 main roads in Cangcheng, and 4 roads in the northern part of the warehouse. The excavation of different types of large-scale state-owned granaries during the two Sui and Tang dynasties revealed the overview of the ancient super large warehouses and the superior level of grain storage technology as well as the types of grain stored. It is unprecedented for the research and restoration of the entire process of large-scale grain storage in the Sui Dynasty. The enrichment of value provided precious physical evidence for the construction and use of the Sui Dynasty Canal for the successful “declaration†of the Grand Canal in China.
The Luoyang Canal No. 1 and No. 2 ancient shipwrecks are located on the beach on the southwest of Yijing Village, Shouyangshan Town, Luoyang City, Luoyang City, Henan Province. The shape of the ship is relatively complete and the structure is special. It is presumed that the two ships should belong to the Qing Dynasty. The Luoyang Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology also used the sunken ship excavation as an opportunity to carry out archaeological surveys on the Guluo Water in the east of the inner area of ​​the Luoyang Basin, the sections of Gushui and Yangqu Canal during the Han and Wei Dynasties, and the canals of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Studying the changes of the ancient Tuo River water system from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song Dynasties in the ancient Luoyang area, and studying the relationship between the canal and the Tang Canal in the Han and Tang Dynasties at the beginning of the Grand Canal, all provided important material information.
Fuyang Qicheng Longshan Times City is located at the southwest corner of the intersection of Gucheng Road and Jingkai Avenue in Hualong District, Xiangyang City. In 2014, on the basis of previous archaeological work, the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology cooperated with the History College of Capital Normal University and the Shuyang Culture Bureau. The Qi City Cultural Relics Scenic Area Management Office and other units carried out more in-depth excavation research on the Qi City site, excavated a total area of ​​664 square meters, and unearthed more than 200 pieces of different texture relics such as pottery, porcelain, copper, iron, stone and bone. The discovery, excavation and research of the Qicheng Longshan era city site once again showed that the Northeastern region of Henan, represented by Fuyang, is also one of the important regions for exploring the origin and development of civilization in the Central Plains, and it is of great significance.
The final review of the nation’s top ten new archeological discoveries will be held in Beijing from April 7th to 9th. At that time, the 25 short-listed projects will be presented and presented to the final evaluation committee and the public. The final result will also follow. The announcement.
More than 2.8 million pieces (sets) to find out the bottom of movable cultural relics
As a traditional archeological province, our province not only has a wealth of immovable cultural relic resources, but also a large number of movable cultural relics. It is understood that the first national census of movable cultural relics organized by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage was started in October 2012. The Department of Cultural Relic Protection Technology and Foreign Cooperation and Exchange Division of the Henan Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau and the General Survey Office of the Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau Director Wang Ruiqin introduced that after two years of efforts, the basic conditions and preservation of movable cultural relics in our province were basically understood. According to the results of the census, 559 state-owned units in the province collected a total of 2.8 million pieces of cultural relics (sets), and the number was more in the country. In the front row.
The reporter learned that the census will also establish a unified library of state-owned movable cultural relics. Each piece of cultural relics needs to complete the data registration work and generate a unique 22 national movable cultural relics registration number, which is equivalent to running a "cultural identity card." ". “At present, the data registration work of our province is in an orderly manner. The number of registered data will be updated every week. As of the morning of the 13th of this month, there are 228557 movable sets of cultural relics that have completed data registration work in our province. The city completed 32,996 pieces (sets).†Wang Ruiqin told reporters that according to the plan and the current actual work situation, most of the data registration work in our province will be completed by the end of this year.
It is worth mentioning that in this census of movable cultural relics, our province carried out special investigations on the classification of paper relics, bronze ware, ceramics, etc. in Henan Museum, Zhengzhou Museum, and Luoyang Museum. With the use of new scientific and technological means, special investigations were conducted on the status of cultural relics conservation and threats of disease in key units, laying the foundation for the subsequent protection, restoration, display and utilization. According to the plan of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the first national census for movable cultural relics will be completed by the end of 2016. After that, the National Catalogue of Removable Cultural Relics will be announced to fulfill its social service functions.
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